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Algorithms in the Classroom: A Systematic Review of AI in Mathematics Education

Mathematics students frequently faced uniform lecture pacing that alienated struggling learners and bored advanced pupils; intelligent tutoring systems leverage predictive diagnostic algorithms to deliver personalized mathematical instruction.

Author
Darlis Panqueban et al.
Published
2024
Journal
Uniciencia
Last updated
September 2026
Algorithms in the Classroom: A Systematic Review of AI in Mathematics Education

Mathematics is the foundational language of science, technology, and engineering, yet traditional classroom instruction has long struggled with high student failure rates and widespread math anxiety.

A single teacher cannot simultaneously diagnose the conceptual misconceptions of thirty distinct students solving multi-step algebraic or geometric proofs in real time.

This systematic review analyzes global empirical studies on artificial intelligence applications in mathematics education. The authors synthesize findings on intelligent tutoring systems, automated step-by-step feedback engines, and cognitive diagnostic modeling across primary, secondary, and higher education.

The evidence proves that adaptive AI mathematics tools significantly boost conceptual mastery and student self-efficacy, providing educators with real-time learning analytics to intervene before students fall behind.

Reference

Panqueban, D., & Huincahue, J. (2024). Inteligência artificial na educação matemática: Uma revisão sistemática. Uniciencia, 38(1), 1–17.

Title

Inteligencia Artificial en educación matemática: Una revisión sistemática

Abstract

[Objective] This study aims to analyze the current state of research on artificial intelligence (AI) in mathematics education, its applications, and its role in teaching and learning processes. [Methodology] A systematic review of the literature was conducted in three stages: identification, selection, and inclusion of articles from three recognized databases, resulting in 29 articles. These articles were thoroughly analyzed to identify participants, instruments used, the country of the authors' affiliation, year of publication, type of research, methodological approach, and the role of AI in these studies. [Results] There is a noticeable increase in research related to AI in mathematics education, with most studies being empirical and quantitative. The most frequently used instruments are questionnaires and interviews, with half of the studies employing at least two data collection instruments. Additionally, most studies focused on intelligent learning systems to enhance learning and support teaching, particularly for online assessment. [Conclusions] The reviewed articles show no evidence of research at the early childhood education level and very little related to teacher training. Few studies demonstrate the use of theoretical frameworks or approaches from the Didactics of Mathematics.

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