Underground xenon detectors have ruled out vast swaths of supersymmetric WIMP dark matter; precision analysis reveals that destructive interference 'blind spots' in Higgs-neutralino couplings allow natural supersymmetry to evade detection.
Supersymmetry (SUSY) is one of the most elegant theoretical extensions of particle physics, solving the Higgs hierarchy problem while naturally providing a stable dark matter candidate: the neutralino.
However, direct dark matter detection experiments have steadily pushed limits on WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-sections down by six orders of magnitude, threatening to rule out natural supersymmetric models entirely.
This theoretical physics study analyzes 'blind spots' in parameter space—specific mixing angles between bino, wino, and higgsino states where scalar couplings to the Standard Model Higgs cancel out via destructive quantum interference. The calculations prove that blind-spot neutralinos naturally evade current liquid xenon direct detection limits while preserving correct thermal relic abundance.
Mapping supersymmetric blind spots provides crucial guidance for next-generation multi-tonne dark matter experiments and high-luminosity LHC collider searches, pinpointing exactly where natural dark matter may still be hiding.
Can blind spots save neutralino dark matter in natural supersymmetry models?
Natural supersymmetry (SUSY) models remain viable even in the face of LHC Run 2 sparticle search limits. However, the LZ experiment has placed strong limits on light higgsino dark matter even when the higgsinos carry only their thermally-produced abundance, with the bulk of the dark matter composed of axions. One way out is the possibility of WIMP direct detection blind spots where cancellations in direct detection (DD) couplings lead to tiny DD rates. We examine natural SUSY models with mu 0 but find that the surviving blind spots all lie in the unnatural region where the superpotential |mu | parameter is much greater than the weak scale gaugino masses; the few natural candidates are excluded by LHC soft-dilepton searches and by the measured Higgs mass. Within NUHM2/NUHM3-type gravity-mediated models with positive gaugino masses and assuming a thermally produced neutralino fractional abundance, direct-detection blind spots do not rescue stable light higgsino dark matter in the electroweak-natural region. Thus, within this framework, stable light higgsino dark matter is disfavored, although special circumstances like large entropy dilution of all relics is still possible. This points to SUSY models with {\it unstable} light higgsinos as perhaps the preferred alternative.
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